Sunday 19 February 2012

SECOND DRAFT OF STUDIO PIECE SCRIPT

SCRIPT FOR HEALING ROOTS SECOND DRAFT
Studio piece

(Opening remark and introduction of programme)
Hello welcome to ‘Healing Roots’ a programme  in which we take closer look at the various areas of complementary medicine. From herbs, acupuncture, yoga, reflexology to Chinese medicine. Today on ‘Healing Roots’ we shall be focusing on Acupuncture. We will be taking you to Gerry Rothwell’s Acupuncture practice as he takes us through what acupuncture is. We will also be interviewing Christopher Murray an actor who decided to give acupuncture a go. But first, let us join Gerry Rothwell in his clinic.
(Presenters remark after ENG and advert break intro)
That is interesting. After the break we shall be having with us in the studio Christopher, who shall be talking us through his experience with the acupuncturist.  Also joining us will be Ann Fagan a Staff Nurse, she will be giving us her personal and professional opinion about complementary medicine.
(Studio interview)
Welcome back. As we had said earlier we are having in the studio with us Christopher, to talk us through his experience with the acupuncturist.  And Also Ann Fagan a Staff Nurse will be giving us her personal and professional views about complimentary medicine generally.

Gentleman and lady, it’s a pleasure having you on the programme
(Looking at Christopher)
Tell us briefly about yourself
(Turning to Ann)
How long have you being practising?
(Back to Christopher)
Why did you take up the challenge to go through the acupuncturist’s needle?
What was the motivation?
Can you briefly talk us through your experience with the acupuncturist?
Have you tried any other form of complementary medicine in the past?
What was your GP opinion on all of these?
(Turning to Ann Fagan)
What do you have to say to all Christopher had said?
Have you tried acupuncture or any of the complementary medicine before?
What will be your professional advice opinion on complementary medicine?
But would you as Ann Fagan give it a try?
(Turning to Christopher)
In view of all Ann has said would you say you will have another go at acupuncture?
What will be your advice to people who are torn between giving it a go or not?
(Turning to Ann)
Your advice for the people out there on complementary medicine please.

(Closing Remarks)
Well viewers, that is all we have time for this week. We say a big thank you to Christopher and Ann.  Join us same time next week as we shall be looking at another area of complementary medicine on your programme ‘Healing Roots’. Remember, health is wealth!

MEDIA WATCH

Herbal remedy for erectile dysfunction passes clinical trial

TREATMENT of erectile dysfunction with the use of herbal remedy has got a boost in a clinical trial conducted by local researchers.

The remedy, Manix herbal capsules, in the trial conducted at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Lagos State, proved efficacious in African men, after similar feat in India.

Duo of Dr. Kehinde Adegoke and Dr. Habib Tijani (both of LUTH) submitted in the study that Manix could reverse the age-related decrease in testosterone levels in men.

“Manix herbal capsules taken twice daily over 40 days increases testosterone by 26 per cent in African men. When taken for 90 days, the testosterone levels increases by 85 per cent. The results are increase in sexual arousal and pleasure, penile rigidity and duration of erection leading to longer lasting and more satisfying sex,” their findings stated.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) or impotence according to experts is commonly known as the inability to develop and maintain an erection for satisfactory coital intercourse or activity. ED could lead to undesirable consequences such as poor satisfaction while having sex, loss of libido or sexual drive and male infertility. It could also lead to psychological problems such as depression and low self-esteem.

ED is highly under reported and under treated problem in men. A recent study in Nigeria found that 57 per cent of men over 35 years have reported incidences of ED. Still, most men feel reluctant or embarrassed to discuss this problem with their doctors or take treatment.

While adding that Manix, made by Wockhardt Limited India, is not a quick-fix solution to ED like other over the counter and prescription drugs, Adegoke, who is also a Medical Laboratory Scientist, said that Manix goes beyond managing ED to treating the root cause of infertility and dysfunction.

Speaking at the unveiling of sole marketing rite of Manix by Greenlife Pharmaceutical Limited, Adegoke said that he embarked on the study out of curiousity having come in contact with it in 2004. He added that while it took a while to get the ethical clearance (being an herbal product), the fact that it was briefly out of market was worrisome to those that already know its efficacy. “But now, we are happy that it is back in the market,” he said.

Product Development Manager for Wockhardt Nigeria, Hemanshu Katira explained that sperm production is a continuous process. Even as some sperms mature, many more are being born.

“Thus, at all given times there are millions of sperms at different stages of development. Manix helps in the development and maturation of sperms. It increases the semen volume by 41 per cent, improves the sperm motility by 124 per cent and increases the sperm count by nearly four times over a period of 90 days.”

Experts at the occasion, among them Greenlife Executive Chairman, Dr. Obiora Chukwuka noted that the main cause of ED is progressing age.

It was observed that by the age of 40 years, 40 per cent of all men had faced at least one incidence of ED. Other factors that increase chances of ED are work-related stress, depression, diabetes, hypertension, heart diseases, smoking, alcohol, drug abuse and certain prescribed medications. The effect is that 10 to 15 per cent of all couples fail to conceive even after a year of unprotected sex.

Chukwuka and the Vice President, Wockhardt Limited, Mr. Vithal Dhamankar however expressed delight on the partnership to bring the multi-prong scientific product and solution to Nigerians.
Reference:
ngrguardianews.com/Wole Oyebade. 2012. Herbal remedy for erectile dysfunction passes clinical trial. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=77138:herbal-remedy-for-erectile-dysfunction-passes-clinical-trial&catid=44:natural-health&Itemid=599. [Accessed 19 February 12].



A useful Link

http://www.china-herbs.com/

A useful website on complementary and holistic healthcare in Ireland


Traditional Chinese Medicine

Price: 
Duration: 
Location: 

What is Traditional Chinese Medicine?

In China, herbal medicine is not an alternative form of therapy. It is used in hospitals alongside modern medicine. It has undergone continual development over the centuries as the number of illnesses that afflict mankind have increased.

How does Traditional Chinese Medicine work?

Chinese medicine is first and foremost a system which prevents disease. Although the practitioner is capable of treating disease in all it's form, a great importance is placed on prevention.

Chinese Medicine consists of:

* herbal therapy
* acupuncture
* dietary therapy
* exercise
* lifestyle management.

Some or several of these may be employed in the course of your treatment.

What conditions can Traditional Chinese Medicine treat?

Chinese medicine can help to treat many forms of ill health including...
Listed below are some health conditions that can be helped by Traditional Chinese Medicine. Please note that this is NOT A FULL list of conditions that can be helped by Traditional Chinese Medicine. Click on a link below to read more about that condition.

Health conditions that can be helped by Traditional Chinese Medicine: 

AcneAddiction
AIDSAlcoholism
AllergiesAlzheimer’s Disease
AnaemiaAngina
AnxietyArthritis
AsthmaAutism
Back AcheBulimia Nervosa
CellulitisChilblains
CholecystitisCirrhosis
Cold SoresColds and Flu
ColicColitis
ConstipationCrohn’s Disease
Cushing's SyndromeCystitis
DiarrhoeaMigraine
Multiple SclerosisObesity
Parkinson’s DiseasePsoriasis
Sleep DisorderStress
TendonitisViral Infection

Safety Issues

Traditional Chinese medicine can be used by people of all age and constitution. Children and pregnant women are commonly cared for by chinese herbal medicine. Adverse reactions to Chinese herbs are extremely rare and are negligible when compared to those commonly produced by pharmaceutical drugs.

Disclaimer

The Healing Web Ltd (trading as www.healing.ie) maintains this website to enhance access to medical information of a general nature. The information contained herein is not exhaustive and does not cover all diseases, ailments, physical conditions or their treatment. The Healing Web Ltd accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the information on this site. In no way are any of the materials presented within this site meant to be a substitute for professional care or attention by a qualified medical practitioner, nor should they be construed as such. You are encouraged to consult with your own Doctor to discuss any course of treatment presented or suggested.
This website contains links to external sites over which The Healing Web Ltd has no control and for which The Healing Web Ltd assumes no responsibility. The Healing Web Ltd does not endorse any commercial product or service mentioned in these sites.


RRE

Wednesday 8 February 2012

MEDIA WATCH

African apple bark may provide next anti-malaria drug
The bark of African star apple has been shown to be more effective than chloroquine in treating malaria without any toxic side effects.

IT is time to savour the African star apple or rather local cherry. The brownish fruit (when ripe) of this local delicacy is on display in almost all the markets especially in southern Nigeria. African cherry is synonymous with harmattan. It is usually harvested or rather the plant sheds its fruits during the season.

African star apple, also known as Chrysophyllum albidum belongs to the family Sapotaceae. The plant is known as udala in Igbo and agbalumo in Yoruba.

The fruit of African star apple has been found to have a very high content of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) with 1000 to 3,300 mg of ascorbic acid per 100 g of edible fruit or about 100 times that of oranges and 10 times that of guava or cashew.

Also, several other components of the tree including the roots and leaves are reportedly used for medicinal purposes.

Until now, the bark is used as a remedy for yellow fever and malaria while the leaves are used as emollients and for the treatment of skin eruption, diarrhoea and stomachache. Eleagnine, an alkaloid isolated from C. albidum seed cotyledon has been reported to have anti-nociceptive, anti- inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

But a new study published recently in Journal of Physiology and Pathphysiology suggest that the extracts of the bark of African star apple could provide the next best anti-malarial drug. Indeed, the extract was found to be more effective than chloroquine in treating malaria.

The study titled “Anti-plasmodial and toxicological effects of methanolic bark extract of Chrysophyllum albidum in albino mice” was authored by E. O. Adewoye of the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan; A. T. Salami of the Department of Nursing Science, Lead City University, Ibadan; and V. O. Taiwo of the Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Ibadan, Oyo State.

The researchers evaluated the anti-plasmodial, hematological, serum biochemical and pathological effects of Chrysophyllum albidum methanolic bark extract using Swiss albino male mice as models.

According to the study, the LD50 of the methanolic extract was 1850 mg/kg body weight. C. albidum methanolic bark extract (750 - 1500 mg/kg/day) exhibited significant schizontocidal activities both in a four-day (early) infection and in an established (greater than seven days) infection with a considerable mean survival time comparable to that of chloroquine.

The LD50 is a standardised measure for expressing and comparing the toxicity of chemicals. The LD50 is the dose that kills half (50 per cent) of the animals tested (LD = “lethal dose”). The animals are usually rats or mice, although rabbits, guinea pigs, hamsters, and so on are sometimes used.

Schizontocides are drugs used in the treatment of malaria, which act against blood stage parasites. Despite the name, formed schizonts are in fact relatively drug resistant. The earlier parasite stages- mature trophozoites are more drug-sensitive. Examples of schizontocides are quinine and artesunate.

The researchers said that the plant extract treated mice did not develop appreciable anaemia. This observation shows that the methanolic extract of C. albidum contains anti-plasmodial substance(s) which help to reduce parasitaemia and hence the rate of erythrocyte (red blood cell) destruction during infection.

Plasmodial describes a protozoan of the genus Plasmodium, which includes the parasites that cause malaria.

According to the study, the organ and tissue pathology during infection was milder at low doses, compared to the untreated mice and insignificant at higher doses of the extract, showing that the extract is non-toxic. It also validates the local consumption of the extracts of C. albidum as an anti-malarial agent.

Indeed, the results from this investigation suggest that the methanolic extract of the bark of C. albidum has anti-plasmodial activities and is non-toxic to mice when administered even at 1,500 mg/kg/day. It, however, appears to be more effective at a dose of 1,000 mg/kg/day.

An earlier study on the life span of the mice infected with Plasmodium berghei berghei revealed that it is between the seven to 10 days post-innoculation. This is in line with the drug treatment employed both in the suppressive and established or Rane test in this study. This time frame was used in order to prevent the death of animals before the end or drug treatment regime during the experiment.

It had been reported that plants whose phyto-chemical compounds include alkaloids, anthraquinones and saponins may have antimalarial activities. These reports are similar to those obtained in this study as methanoic bark extract of C. albidum contains alkaloids, anthraquinones, saponins, cardenolides and tannins. These phytochemical compounds were also similar to those reportedly found in the leaves and stems of C. albidum.

Saponins have been found to have antiprotozoan activities as well as possible defaunating agents in the rumen. This property has been exploited in the treatment of protozoal infections in other animals. Triterpenoid and steroid saponins have been found to be detrimental to several infectious protozoans, one of which is Plasmodium falciparum.

This report supports what was observed in this experiment both in the suppressive and established infections. The mechanism of action by which saponins work, might be through their toxicity to protozoans, which may be widespread and non-specific. It might also be as a result of their detergent effect on the cell membranes.

C. albidum has also been found to contain alkaloids and these have been associated with medicinal uses for centuries, though other possible roles have not been examined. One of the most common biological properties of alkaloids is their toxicity against cells of foreign organisms like bacteria, viruses and protozoans to which malaria parasites belong. These activities have been widely studied for their potential use in the elimination and reduction of human cancer cell lines.

Alkaloids also possess anti-inflammatory, anti- asthmatic and anti-anaphylactic properties with consequences of altered immunological status in vivo. The significant reduction in parasitic load in infected mice treated with methanolic extract of C. albidum prevented rapid destruction of parasitized red blood cells and development of mild and insignificant anaemia on days five and seven.

The results also show that chloroquine at 10 mg/kg/day is equally effective in prevention of anaemia due to its anti-protozoan effect in infected mice. It is noteworthy, however, that all the infected mice treated or untreated developed leucocytosis, which was most severe in mice treated with chloroquine. The leukocytosis may be an indication of enhanced granulopoiesis and lymphocytosis as cellular and humoral responses, respectively to the protozoan infection. This is corroborated by enhanced serum globulin levels (hyperglobulinemia) and reactive spleens in infected mice in this study.
Ref:
ngrguardianews.com/Chukwuma Muanya. 2012. African apple bark may provide next anti-malaria drug. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=74972:african-apple-bark-may-provide-next-anti-malaria-drug&catid=44:natural-health&Itemid=599. [Accessed 08 February 12].

MEDIA WATCH

African pepper, bitter kola top list of local cancer-bursting plants

MORE researches are confirming the efficacy of African pepper, bitter leaf, bitter kola, lime, lemon, garlic, tomatoes, grapes and other local plants in the management of cancer.  In fact, results of recent work by Nigerian researchers published in Annals of Biological Research revealed that quite a number of plants from the 73 species, especially the leaves, roots, barks and seeds studied are efficient in the management of cancer.

The study is titled “Ethnobotanical survey of anti-cancer plants in Ogun State, Nigeria.”

The Nigerian researchers from the Department of Biological Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State; and Department of Plant Science and Applied Zoology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, found that the prominent plant species in the recipes are: African pepper (Xylopia aethopica); Bitter kola (Garcinca kola); Sausage tree (Kigelia africana); Anthocleista djalonensis (Sapo in Yoruba, Kwari in Hausa, Okpokolo in Ibo); Citrus species (orange, grapefruit, tangerine, lime and lemon); and Allium species (garlic, onion, shallot) genera which are indicative of their importance in the management of the disease.

Xylopia aethiopica is commonly called Ethiopian pepper, African pepper or Guinea pepper. It is of the plant family Annonaceae. The Edo calls it Unien, it is Atta in Ibibio/Efik, Uda in Igbo, Urieren in Urhobo, and Eeru in Yoruba. The stem bark, fruits, seeds and roots are used for stomach-aches, dysentery, bronchitis, cancer, ulcers, fever and debility, rheumatism, post-partum management and fertility-enhancing, and vermifuge.

Garcinia kola is a fruit-bearing tree that belongs to the family Guttiferae. It is found in moist forests and grows as a medium sized tree up to 14m high. The plant is commonly called “bitter kola” in Nigeria because of the bitter taste of its seeds. Garcinia kola seed (hereafter referred to as GKS) has long been used in sub-Saharan Africa as an antidote for ingested poison, and as a cure for a number of ailments and conditions such as abdominal colicky pain, chest cold, cough and hepatitis.

The documented and suggested clinical uses of GKS include drug detoxification, bronchodilation (for asthma), liver disorders, male virility, blood sugar regulation, lipid disorders, infectious diseases, boosting of immune system and weight reduction. Most of the reported bioactivities associated with GKS are believed to be related to the presence of biflavonoids, which are well known for their antioxidant activities.

Scientists have also found that the sausage tree (Kigelia africana/pinnata) could be effectively used to treat cancers.
According to ethnobotany and recent scientific work of Prof. P. J. Houghton of the Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmacy, King’s College London, “experiments into the effect of Kigelia extracts and some of the pure compounds contained therein, on micro-organisms and cancer cells have shown that the traditional use of this plant is given considerable justification. In addition, there exists evidence for its anti-inflammatory reputation.”
Investigation into the biological activity of Kigelia pinnata has focused on its antibacterial activity and its cytotoxic effects against cancer cell lines. These are related to the traditional uses of bark and fruit extracts for treating diseases caused by micro-organisms and as a remedy for skin cancer.
Anthocleista djalonensis is of the plant family Loganiaceae. It is called Sapo (Yoruba), Kwari (Hausa), and Okpokolo (Igbo). All parts of Anthocleista djalonensis are active pharmacologically, but especially the root, which is most often used. It is diuretic and vigorously purgative, and in Ivory Coast used as a poison-antidote, for leprosy, as an emmenagogue (stimulates mensuration), abortifacient, and in treatment of oedemas and elephantiasis of the scrotum. A root decoction is taken in Sierra Leone for chest-pains, and for constipation and gonorrhoea. A hot water extract of the root has been used in Nigeria for women suffering from infertility and irregular painful menstruation; effectiveness remains unclear, but pain is said to be reduced.

It has been shown that incorporating plenty of citrus fruits such as oranges, tangerine and grapefruit in the daily diet plan may offer another important yet lesser known nutritional bonus: citrus limonoids.

A study published 2005 showed that citrus limonoids help fight cancers of the mouth, skin, lung, breast, stomach and colon in laboratory tests with animals and with human cells.

Studies have further shown that limonoids inhibit the development of cancer in laboratory animals and in human breast cancer cells as well as reducing cholesterol.

Garlic (Allium sativum) is of plant family Liliaceae. Local names: Igbo - Ayuu; Yoruba - Ayu. The bulb is used for fevers, coughs, constipation, asthma, nervous disorders, hypertension, ulcers and skin diseases. It is highly bacteriostatic (stops the growth of bacteria), fungicidal (kills fungi) and antihelmintic (worm expeller).

Also, a study published last week in the journal Carcinogenesis showed that in both cell lines and mouse models, grape seed extract (GSE) kills head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells, while leaving healthy cells unharmed.

The researchers said grape seed extract creates these conditions that are unfavorable to growth. Specifically, the paper showed that grape seed extract both damages cancer cells’ DNA (via increased reactive oxygen species) and stops the pathways that allow repair (as seen by decreased levels of the DNA repair molecules Brca1 and Rad51 and DNA repair foci).

Another study by Nigerian and British researchers at the Pharmaceutical Science Division, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150, Stamford Street, London, United Kingdom concluded: “Most of the species tested had some cytotoxic effect on the cancer cell lines, which to some extent supports their traditional inclusion in herbal preparations for treatment of cancer. However, little selectivity for cancer cells was observed, which raises concerns over their safety and efficacy in traditional treatment. The longistylins A and C appear to be responsible for much of the activity of Cajanus cajan extract.”

Cajanus cajan is Pigeon pea in English, Olele in Edo, Shingwazo in Gwari, Aduwa in Hausa, Agadagbulu in Igala, Fio fio in Igbo, Alev in Tiv, Otili in Yoruba.

Besides its confirmed use as an anti-sickling agent, the leaf extracts of Cajanus cajan are prepared in a infusion for anaemia, hepatitis, diabetes, urinary infections, and yellow fever.

The study titled “Ethnobotanical survey and cytotoxicity testing of plants of South-Western Nigeria used to treat cancer, with isolation of cytotoxic constituents from Cajanus cajan leaves” was published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology.

Meanwhile, the Annals of Biological Research study indicates nature has some remedy for cancer patients. “Some substances have been found to be anti-carcinogenic, that is they fight cancer forming cells and help to eliminate them from the body, for example cumaric acid and lycopen, which are found naturally in tomatoes fruits (Lycopersicum esculentum) and the leaves of bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina),” they said.

Lycopene, the main active ingredient in tomatoes are beneficial to health, but it serves as a natural antioxidant, prevent prostate cancer in elderly men and breast cancer for women as well as reduce the occurrence of osteoporosis.

According to the researchers, a lot of research has been and is still being done on the effectiveness of Aloe vera, Morinda lucida, Nympheae lotus (water lily) and Pycanthus angolensis for managing cancer.

Aloe vera has been shown to be a beneficial herb in the treatment of cancer in animals. Actually, the United States Department of Agriculture has agreed to make use of Aloe vera for curing of soft tissue cancer in animals in 1992.

There is a great scientific proof that Aloe vera restrains the developing of cancer tumour, raises levels of tumour necrosis, stimulates immune system response and enhances healthy tissue.

Morinda lucida belongs to the plant family Rubiaceae. It is commonly called Brimstone tree. It is Oruwo or Erewo in Yoruba, Eze-ogu or Njisi in Igbo, Marga in Hausa. Morinda lucida is a tropical West Africa rainforest tree also called brimstone tree. The leaves are widely used in the treatment of malaria, typhoid fever, jaundice and dressing of wounds to prevent infections. A weak decoction of the stem bark is used for the treatment of severe jaundice, cancer, poor low sperm count and diabetes.

The plant Pycnanthus angolensis belongs to the Myristicaceae family. It is also called Pycnanthus kombo. The plant common names include African Nutmeg and Wild Nutmeg. In Nigerian languages, it is referred to as Akomu (Yoruba), Akujaadi (Hausa) and Egwunoma (Igbo).

The Ethnopharmacological survey of the plant, Pycnanthus angolensis, according to a study by Agyare C. et al (2009) in the Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol. 125 issued 3, pp 393-403 confirms the potency of aqeous extracts of the plant for wound healing and it establishes antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extracts of the plant. The plant was reported to be good for stomach ulcer treatment due to its anti-adhesive activity against helicobacter pylori on human stomach cells.

According to the Journal of Ethnopharmacology study, structured questionnaires were used to explore the ethnobotanical practices amongst the traditional healers. Methanol extracts of the most common species cited were screened for cytotoxicity using the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay in both exposure and recovery experiments. Three cancer cell lines (human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7, human large cell lung carcinoma cell line COR-L23 and human amelanotic melanoma C32) and one normal cell line (normal human keratinocytes SVK-14) were used for the screening of the extracts and the fractions obtained.

The extract of Cajanus cajan showed considerable activity and was further partitioned and the dichloromethane fraction was subjected to preparative chomatography to yield six compounds: Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, alpha-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, pinostrobin, longistylin A and longistylin C. Pinostrobin and longistylins A and C were tested for cytotoxicity on the cancer cell lines. In addition, an adriamycin-sensitive acute T-lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line (CCRF-CEM) and its multidrug-resistant sub-line (CEM/ADR5000) were used in an XTT assay to evaluate the activity of the pure compounds obtained.

A total of 30 healers from south-west Nigeria were involved in the study. 45 species were recorded with their local names with parts used in the traditional therapeutic preparations. Cytotoxicity (IC (50) values less than 50 microg/mL) was observed in five species (Acanthospermum hispidum- ewe onitan meta in Yoruba), Cajanus cajan, Morinda lucida, Nymphaea lotus and Pycnanthus angolensis). Acanthospermum hispidum and Cajanus cajan were the most active. The dichloromethane fraction of Cajanus cajan had IC (50) value 5-10 microg/mL, with the two constituent stilbenes, longistylins A and C, being primarily responsible, with IC (50) values of 0.7-14.7 microM against the range of cancer cell lines.

Investigator at the University of Colorado Cancer Centre and professor at the Skaggs School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Rajesh Agarwal, said: “It is a rather dramatic effect. It depends in large part, says Agarwal, on a healthy cell’s ability to wait out damage. Cancer cells are fast-growing cells. Not only that, but they are necessarily fast growing. When conditions exist in which they can’t grow, they die.”

The Agarwal Lab hopes to move in the direction of clinical trials of grape seed extract, potentially as an addition to second-line therapies that target head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that has failed a first treatment
Reference:
ngrguardianews.com/Chukwuma Muanya. 2012. African Pepper, bitter kola top list of local-cancer-bursting plants. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=75689:african-pepper-bitter-kola-top-list-of-local-cancer-bursting-plants&catid=44:natural-health. [Accessed 08 February 12].